八下宾语从句讲义+随堂练习宾 语 从 句 The Object ClauseI know him 简单句 I know who he is（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句第一讲：宾语从句的引导词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句一、连词（引导词）1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. （一小时后他会回来）He said (that) he missed us very much （他非常想念我们）The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun（地球围着太阳转）2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句1. I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him whether (if) he can come（他是否能来）3. I don’t know whether it is going to rain or not（是否要下雨）以下三个情况只能用whether引导（李老师警告要好好记）1.当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ? I don’t remember when we arrived .I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .Do you know what time the plane leaves ?由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句1. He asked __________________________. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁）3. He asked __________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿）6. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）7. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Ankang ?Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?I don’t know how far it is to the cinema .Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?Can you tell us how old his brother is ?Please tell us how soon you will be ready .练习：1. The young man asked _____ its summer or winter.A. eitherB. thatC. weatherD. whether2. We dont know ______ they did it .A. howB. whoC. whatD. which 3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time .A. thatB. ifC. whenD. what time4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that 5. I wonder _______ he is crying now .A. thatB. whyC. howD. when 6. Have you found out ______ we can do on Hainan Island ?A. whatB. howC. ifD. whether 7. Lily said _______ she had finished her composition .A. ifB. thatC. whenD. where 8. I don’t know ______ he still lives here . A. whereB. whatC. whenD. whether第二讲：宾语从句的时态时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时物业经理人，现在完成时等）I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother.